Millfield Meadow
Saltburn
Saltburn Countryside volunteers
Site details
Recorders: Alison McDermott, Katie Metcalfe, Rosalyn Boyes, Sue Cook and Katie Simmons Distance: 775m Walk Time: 30mins
Millfield Meadow is managed by Saltburn Countryside Volunteers. It is wildflower meadow situated near a spectacular viaduct. Home to many butterflies, bees and other insects. It occupies about 1 acre and the transect mainly criss-crosses the meadow area.
Sections
S1 runs from Marske Mill Lane down a covered woodland into the valley and joins the cleveand way walk which we follow through woodland to teh north end of the meadow .
S3 is the sunniest and favoured warm bank of the meadow with the largest butterfly counts and is favourite of Vannesids, Cabbage Whites, Small Copper, Meadow Brown, Ringlet and Small heath
S4 a little further down is similar and is where Dingy Skipper has been seen
S5 also has good counts and is favoured by the Vanesids and is similar to S3 It is the favourite places for Large Small Skipper and Small Heath has been seen herein previous years
Entering the woodland rides of S7+8 we see Comma, Brimstone, Orange Tip and Holy Blue.
Results 2023
Countywide, after a warm winter April turned cold, very wet and dull and everything just about stopped and it was near impossible to transect walk all month. By May there were already losses among our spring species being down a third in numbers. June brought Arctic winds, a complete reversal of the Hot June of 2023 when nine species reached all time highs here and across the UK. For the first two weeks of this June temperatures were 8’C cooler than in 2023 around a frigid 9’C with only 5 good days of sun at the end of the month. The first three weeks of July had the same theme of cool and damp with 5 warm sunny days at the end. Transect walking for many was very difficult. The persistence of the cold and damp over such a long period had a devastating effect with numerically two thirds of our butterflies in the critical later stages of their development; mortality was very high. It was also one of the longest June ‘Lulls’ lasting from late May to the beginning of July. When the main flight season did arrive it was slow to build up and there was no usual peak. Better weather in August helped save the second generation and very unusually numbers actually went up at the start of September.
Losers
For many species it was a triple whammy after the heat and droughts of the previous 2 years and last July’s poor flight period this year made it a perfect storm. Overall, annual numbers were down 41% against the average and 45% down on last year. Half our species were down more than 50% and a quarter down more than 70%. The Lycaenids, Vannesids and the Fritillaries were amongst the worst affected. Many transect walkers did not see a single Common Blue, Small Copper, Holly Blue, or Brown Argus until late into their 2nd broods.. Four of our long term declining species Common Blue, Small Heath, Small Skipper and Green-veined White had their worst year ever recorded.
The Winners and less bad losers
Northern Brown Argus had an exceptional year up near 50% Other species bucking the trend were Brimstone and Marbled White. The damp loving Ringlet on many limestone/dry sites were up a half while on most wet sites they fell by a half. However if it wasn’t for Ringlet holding up the overall numerical losses, this year would have been significantly worse. It often happens when Meadow Brown has a very poor year, like this one, Ringlet does proportionally better, and vice versa in a warm year.
It has all happened before… many times.
It was our worst year since 2016 but nearly as bad as 2009 when numbers were down 50%. 2024 comes after a run of 6 relatively good years since 2018 along with rapidly rising temperatures including 2 of our hottest summers which were followed by two of our best butterfly years in 2019 and 2023. It is likely 2024 was a blip
Millfield did rather better than the county averages shown in the graphic and certainly in teh top 20 sites.. The trends however do pretty much match the county ones. The damp loving Ringlet nearly doubling and the meadow brown although very much down compared to last year but up against 5 yr average. Similarly Speckled wood did well on some sites. Peacock quadrupled from last years big dip and this was very much the county trend of a strong recovery after the two years of drought. Unfortunatly the early breeding Tortoiseshell seems to have coped it badly in the diabolical April weather but the results here are no where near as bad as most sites who failed to see any or just 1 or 2. . Most of the losses were with the Vannesids and Whites.
Results 2023
County wide 2023 results reflect the 2022 Heat and drought with Small Tortoiseshell and Peacock nearly halved for the second year against their 5 year average. Red Admiral arrived in force in July and took advantage of soft nettle growth of the rains and had their best year ever. Drought sensitive species on thin soils were badly hit, particularly Dark -green Fritillary and Northern Brown Argus but also Ringlet, Green-viened White and Small Heath. Less drought affected species along with the hottest June on record built even more on gains last year leading to Comma, Brimstone, Holly Blue and most Browns having a fantastic year reaching all time highs. A increase of 9% overall was mostly due to sheer numbers of Meadow Browns and Gatekeepers ment 2023 nearly pipped 2014 as best year in modern times. Most noticeable was the large differeces between moisiture retaining mineral soils of the valleys and thin, dry limestone or sandy soils. A large number of damp grassland, hedgerow and woodland dominated sites benefitted hugely with 3 sites seeing more than 50% increase . A smaller number of thin, chalky, sandy or craggy sites did badly some down up to 25%.
Results 2022
Total numbers were down slightly against the average and there were many more species down than up after the long hot dry summer of 2022. Most of the trends follow the county with a super year for Brimstone plus good numbers of Red Admiral and the very best year ever for Meadow Brown and even Ringlet here did well while elsewhere is did badly. Gatekeeper returned after 9 years and they also had there best year ever county wide. Great to see the Small Heath . Wall had a poor year everywhere which possibly accounts for it disappearance this year.
Results 2022
Millfield saw the best year since 2019's highpoint. Big Winners were a the Whites particularly brimstone and at last a recovery in the Small Skipper in the heat. A boom in Comma, Speckled Wood, Meadow Brown and Ringlet. The drought sensitive Small Heath saw a decline along with Common Blue. Wall Brown persisted after appearing for the first time last year in common with many other sites and these species shows strong signs of recovery.
Results 2021
2021 was not a bad year with counts up over 2020 but nearly as high as the exceptional 2019 season. Over the 5 years Large White , Green-viened White were well up although they did not fare so well in other parts of Yorkshire. However Orange Tip had a good year like most of our transects> Common Blue was rather down much like other places as were Holy Blue, and all teh Vannessids as were teh majority of transects while Small Tortoiseshell continues to boom. Unusually Small Heath was down which was not typical . The other borwns did show and increase. You can suspect the increased numbers are as a result of recovery from the 2020 early half of year drought.
Results 2020
The dull wet summer of 2020 was only partly compensated for by the long hot dry spring. This follows the very warm 2019 with exceptional numbers. Overall numbers are a tad down with outstanding loosers being the Skippers, Common Blue and Ringlet and could be due to the drought conditions However it did favour the dry loving Small Heath and Small Copper which had a good year . Small Tortoisehell was also up along with most of the Whites.