Staveley East YWT
Boroughbridge
Site Details
Recorders: Geoff Blakesley, Anna Wallin and Pam Francis Distance: 3402m Altitude 27m Walk Time Approx: 1 hour 30 mins
Two large, flooded former gravel pits (East and West), fringed with rushes, along with several small pools and drainage channels. Some extensive grassland and small areas of woodland. There is also a large variety of wildflowers, especially orchids, including a large colony of Marsh Helleborines.
Sections:
S1 is a meadow now being planted with trees and although the smallest section has a very good count of grassland species including Gatekeeper
S2 is favoured by Orange Tip
S3-4 have relatievly low counts
S5 goes through woodland where Comma and Brimstone are seen
S6 is favoured by the Vanessids
S7 sees good numbers of grassland species and Vanessids and damp areas favour Orange Tip
S8 has high counts particularly Meadow Browns and ringlets
Results: 2024
Countywide, after a warm winter April turned cold, very wet and dull and everything just about stopped and it was near impossible to transect walk all month. By May there were already losses among our spring species being down a third in numbers. June brought Arctic winds, a complete reversal of the Hot June of 2023 when nine species reached all time highs here and across the UK. For the first two weeks of this June temperatures were 8’C cooler than in 2023 around a frigid 9’C with only 5 good days of sun at the end of the month. The first three weeks of July had the same theme of cool and damp with 5 warm sunny days at the end. Transect walking for many was very difficult. The persistence of the cold and damp over such a long period had a devastating effect with numerically two thirds of our butterflies in the critical later stages of their development; mortality was very high. It was also one of the longest June ‘Lulls’ lasting from late May to the beginning of July. When the main flight season did arrive it was slow to build up and there was no usual peak. Better weather in August helped save the second generation and very unusually numbers actually went up at the start of September.
Losers
For many species it was a triple whammy after the heat and droughts of the previous 2 years and last July’s poor flight period this year made it a perfect storm. Overall, annual numbers were down 41% against the average and 45% down on last year. Half our species were down more than 50% and a quarter down more than 70%. The Lycaenids, Vannesids and the Fritillaries were amongst the worst affected. Many transect walkers did not see a single Common Blue, Small Copper, Holly Blue, or Brown Argus until late into their 2nd broods.. Four of our long term declining species Common Blue, Small Heath, Small Skipper and Green-veined White had their worst year ever recorded.
The Winners and less bad losers
Northern Brown Argus had an exceptional year up near 50% Other species bucking the trend were Brimstone and Marbled White. The damp loving Ringlet on many limestone/dry sites were up a half while on most wet sites they fell by a half. However if it wasn’t for Ringlet holding up the overall numerical losses, this year would have been significantly worse. It often happens when Meadow Brown has a very poor year, like this one, Ringlet does proportionally better, and vice versa in a warm year.
It has all happened before… many times.
It was our worst year since 2016 but nearly as bad as 2009 when numbers were down 50%. 2024 comes after a run of 6 relatively good years since 2018 along with rapidly rising temperatures including 2 of our hottest summers which were followed by two of our best butterfly years in 2019 and 2023. It is likely 2024 was a blip
Staveley East was significantly below teh county averages and results were similar to 2012 another very bad butterfly year; but, still the overall trend is upwards.
Notable species doing well were Brimstone
Results: 2023
County wide 2023 results reflect the 2022 Heat and drought with Small Tortoiseshell and Peacock nearly halved for the second year against their 5 year average. Red Admiral arrived in force in July and took advantage of soft nettle growth of the rains and had their best year ever. Drought sensitive species on thin soils were badly hit, particularly Dark -green Fritillary and Northern Brown Argus but also Ringlet, Green-viened White and Small Heath. Less drought affected species along with the hottest June on record built even more on gains last year leading to Comma, Brimstone, Holly Blue and most Browns having a fantastic year reaching all time highs. A increase of 9% overall was mostly due to sheer numbers of Meadow Browns and Gatekeepers ment 2023 nearly pipped 2014 as best year in modern times. Most noticeable was the large differeces between moisiture retaining mineral soils of the valleys and thin, dry limestone or sandy soils. A large number of damp grassland, hedgerow and woodland dominated sites benefitted hugely with 3 sites seeing more than 50% increase . A smaller number of thin, chalky, sandy or craggy sites did badly some down up to 25%.
Staveley East saw a very large increase in its overall numbers double the county trend. This was in large part down to Meadow Brown which more than doubled to a new site record while county wide it set a new record. The main loses were Peacock and Small Tortoiseshell as per the county trends but unusually Comma was not seen this year at all while almost universally it had its best year ever. You have to go back to 2017 the last good Red Admiral year to beat this year! Its great that Small Heath has now ertablished firmly and making progress in this a bad year for this species; the habitat is certianly changing in their favour and Wall was seen again which is also brilliant news for the site. Holly Blue and Brimstone had their best year ever here, as it did everywhere, doubling the previous best year! A very special year!
Results: 2022 and long term look
After a lower than average year in 2021 this year is up a bit but this masks a good many substantial trends most of which are inline with the Yorkshire trends. Small Skipper was down a bit as elsewhere but good we had the return of the Large Skipper. Brimstone did well as it did elsewhere but all the whitse did poorly. Unusually Orange tip was down on this site with very good numbers generally while over teh county the trend was for a increase. The migratory Brown Argus had a cracking year as it did on all its lowland sites and its great to see Common Blue really to the population levels of more than a decade ago. Holy Blue boomed everwhere with teh start of a fresh cycle with its parasite with abundance 4 times higher. The biggest story is teh crash in Small Tortoiseshell and particularly Peacock both of which almost failed to produce a summer brood in the extreme heat and few were seen after June! Comma as universally elsewhere had its bets year ever increasing 8 fold on last year and having a super summer generation, Possibly because it chooses to lay eggs in shady places it never suffered as badly as teh other Vanessids. Similarly teh shade loving speckled wood also had one of its best years. Gatekeepr everywhere also boomed after a good year last year and while meadow brown increased somewhat Ringlet fell back as it did in teh majority of sites. Overall it good to see teh trend on all species pretyy consistantly upwards particularly our grassland species like Small Skipper and Gatekeeper.
Results: 2021
Overal counts a little down by about 6% over the 5 year average.
In terms of species there were a good many loosers, particularly Large Skipper has died out and Small Skipper well down which is similar to elsewhere.
Brimstone is up somewhat while both cabbage whites are down particularly Small White. This is much like other sites.
Green-Viened White and Orange Tip as damp lovers are well up. Small Copper and Common Blue are well down similar to elsewhere.
Amongst the vanessids Small Tortoiseshell boomed while other species had a poor year although bucking the trend Peacock did well.
Speckled wood and Ringlet were down as elsewhere while Meadow Brown was up.